PHP

A server-side scripting language powering a large share of the web.

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Overview

PHP is a server-side scripting language designed for web development, embedded directly in HTML output. It powers a very large share of the web (including WordPress) and has modernized substantially since its early reputation, with strong typing options and a mature framework ecosystem (Laravel) in current versions.

What it is
A server-side scripting language that generates HTML output dynamically per request.
Why it's used
It's simple to deploy (nearly every host supports it), powers WordPress and Laravel, and has a huge existing codebase to maintain.
Where it fits
Server-side, generating pages or APIs; commonly paired with MySQL.

Core concepts

  • Embedding PHP in HTML
  • Variables and functions
  • Arrays
  • Superglobals ($_GET, $_POST)
  • Working with a database

Example

PHP executes on the server and outputs plain HTML to the browser -- htmlspecialchars() here escapes user input before it's rendered, a basic XSS defense.

<?php
  $name = $_GET["name"] ?? "world";
?>
<h1>Hello, <?= htmlspecialchars($name) ?>!</h1>

Common use cases

  • WordPress sites and plugins
  • Laravel-based web applications
  • Legacy and modern server-rendered sites alike

Project ideas

  • A simple contact form that validates input and writes to a file or database

Official references